CSBG — Community Services Block GrantCSBG — 社區服務整體補助金

1. What it is1. 這是什麼

In plain language. CSBG is a federal anti-poverty grant. Washington sends the money to the state, the state sends it to the county, and the county subcontracts it to local nonprofits like CSC to deliver self-sufficiency services — job help, education, financial coaching, emergency help — to low-income families. It does not hand cash to clients, and clients pay no fee. It funds the agency to provide the service.

用白話說。CSBG 是一項聯邦反貧窮補助金。聯邦把錢撥給州政府，州再撥給縣政府，縣政府再分包給像 CSC 這樣的在地非營利機構，為低收入家庭提供自立服務——求職協助、教育、理財輔導、緊急援助。它不會直接發現金給客戶，客戶也不需支付任何費用。它是資助機構去提供服務。

Is it real and active? Yes. CSBG funds a national network of 1,000+ Community Action Agencies serving 99% of US counties. Its legal purpose (CSBG Act, 42 U.S.C. § 9901) is to reduce poverty and help low-income families become fully self-sufficient.

它是真實且運作中的嗎？是的。CSBG 資助全國超過 1,000 個社區行動機構（Community Action Agency）所組成的網絡，服務範圍涵蓋全美 99% 的縣。其法定目的（CSBG 法案，42 U.S.C. § 9901）是減少貧窮，並協助低收入家庭達到完全自立。

State or federal? FEDERAL, administered through the state and county. The money flow that ends at CSC:

是州還是聯邦補助？聯邦補助，透過州與縣兩級政府管理執行。最終流向 CSC 的資金路徑如下：

• DPSS is the designated Community Action Agency for LA County and runs CSBG locally; its Community Action Board (CAB) oversees implementation.DPSS 是洛杉磯縣指定的社區行動機構，負責在地執行 CSBG；其社區行動委員會（CAB）負責監督實施。
• In 2025, California gave LA County $6.3 million in CSBG funds, used to serve over 4,100 individuals and over 3,250 families through 38+ CBOs.2025 年，加州撥給洛杉磯縣 630 萬美元的 CSBG 經費，透過 38 個以上的社區組織，服務超過 4,100 名個人與 3,250 個家庭。
• Public DPSS CSBG contact: Hugo Giron — hugogiron@dpss.lacounty.gov — (562) 908-6327.DPSS CSBG 公開聯絡窗口：Hugo Giron — hugogiron@dpss.lacounty.gov — (562) 908-6327。

What CSBG funds. Housing, nutrition, utility/transportation help, employment, education, and income/asset-building, crisis/emergency services, and community initiatives. For your role, the relevant slice is the employment / self-sufficiency domain — job search, skills, credentials, income increases.

CSBG 資助哪些項目。住房、營養、水電／交通協助、就業、教育、收入／資產累積、危機／緊急服務，以及社區計畫。就你的職務而言，相關的部分是就業／自立領域——求職、技能、證照、收入提升。

2. Organization / grantee view (CSC as the recipient)2. 機構／受款方視角（CSC 作為受款方）

The accountability framework: ROMA問責架構：ROMA

CSBG performance runs on ROMA — Results Oriented Management and Accountability (a federal requirement since the 1998 CSBG reauthorization). Everything ladders up to three national goals; the first is the one your work serves: "Individuals and families with low incomes are stable and achieve economic security."

CSBG 的績效以 ROMA——成果導向管理與問責（Results Oriented Management and Accountability）為基礎（自 1998 年 CSBG 重新授權以來即為聯邦要求）。所有成果都歸結到三大國家目標；第一個正是你的工作所服務的：「低收入個人與家庭生活穩定並達到經濟安全。」

The metrics: NPIs and Services衡量指標：NPI 與服務

Outcomes report as National Performance Indicators:成果以國家績效指標（National Performance Indicators）呈報：

• FNPIs — Family/Individual outcomes (the results for the people you serve). Employment is "Domain 1."FNPI——家庭／個人成果（你所服務對象的結果）。就業屬於「領域一（Domain 1）」。
• CNPIs — Community-level outcomes (reported on a separate Community Initiative form).CNPI——社區層級成果（以另一份社區計畫表單呈報）。
• SRVs — Services (the countable activities you deliver).SRV——服務（你所提供、可計數的活動）。

Employment outcomes (Domain 1 FNPIs) you report against:你需呈報的就業成果（領域一 FNPI）：

Employment SRVs (countable services): workshops / career counseling, monthly job-search coaching, resume development, interview-skills training, job referrals.

就業 SRV（可計數的服務）：工作坊／職涯諮詢、每月求職輔導、履歷撰寫、面試技巧培訓、工作轉介。

Billable vs. non-billable可計費 vs. 不可計費

Reporting & data呈報與資料

• The federal CSBG Annual Report is the master submission. It is modernizing to "Annual Report 3.0" — optional in FY2025, the sole required instrument in FY2026.聯邦的 CSBG 年度報告是主要的呈報文件。它正在更新為 「年度報告 3.0」——2025 財政年度為選用，2026 財政年度起為唯一必用的呈報工具。
• Community-level reporting runs on a multi-point annual cycle (application / mid-year / year-end). Subgrantees also typically submit monthly invoices tied to deliverables.社區層級的呈報採多時點的年度週期（申請／年中／年末）。分包機構通常還須提交與成果掛鉤的每月請款（invoice）。

3. Individual / client view — who qualifies3. 個人／客戶視角——誰符合資格

The income rule (the one thing to get right)收入規則（最關鍵、一定要做對的一件事）

• Federal default: at or below 100% of the Federal Poverty Line, which a state may raise to 125% (CSBG Act § 673(2)).聯邦預設：在聯邦貧窮線 100%或以下，州政府可調高至 125%（CSBG 法案 § 673(2)）。
• The "temporary 200%" provision: Congress has at times allowed 200% FPL — notably under the CARES Act for FY20/FY21 funds.「臨時 200%」條款：國會曾數度允許 200% 貧窮線——尤其是依《CARES 法案》對 FY20／FY21 經費的規定。
• What California uses NOW: CSD sets CSBG eligibility at 200% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines, so in practice the operative limit for CSC is 200% FPL, not 125%.加州目前採用的標準：CSD 將 CSBG 資格設在聯邦貧窮指引的 200%，因此實務上 CSC 適用的上限是 200% 貧窮線，而非 125%。

Current CSD income limits (200% FPL):CSD 目前的收入上限（200% 貧窮線）：

Source: CA CSD CSBG Income Eligibility. confirm internally需內部確認 that this is the version DPSS wants applied this contract year. (For reference, the lower federal 125% default would be: family of 1 = $18,825; of 2 = $25,550; of 3 = $32,275; of 4 = $39,000. California's 200% limits above are the ones you actually use.) 資料來源：加州 CSD CSBG 收入資格。confirm internally需內部確認此為 DPSS 本合約年度要求採用的版本。（供參考：若採較低的聯邦 125% 預設標準，1 人家庭為 $18,825；2 人 $25,550；3 人 $32,275；4 人 $39,000。但你實際使用的是上方加州的 200% 上限。）

How "family" and "income" are defined「家庭」與「收入」如何定義

• Family / household: related people living together, or a single unrelated individual; count income of every member 18+. Two family units in one household → apply the limit to each unit separately.家庭／住戶：同住的親屬，或單一無親屬關係的個人；計算每位 18 歲以上成員的收入。同一住戶中有兩個家庭單位時，須分別對各單位套用收入上限。
• Income INCLUDES (before taxes): wages, net self-employment, Social Security, unemployment, workers' comp, veterans' pay, public cash assistance (TANF/CalWORKs, SSI, GA/GR), training stipends, support from outside the household, pensions, dividends/interest/rent.收入「包含」（稅前）：薪資、自僱淨收入、社會安全金、失業金、勞工補償、退伍軍人津貼、公共現金援助（TANF／CalWORKs、SSI、GA／GR）、培訓津貼、來自家庭以外的金錢支持、退休金、股息／利息／租金。
• Income EXCLUDES: tax refunds/credits, asset sales, gifts/loans/inheritances, employer health benefits, and non-cash benefits — Medi-Cal, SNAP/CalFresh, housing assistance, school lunch.收入「不包含」：退稅／稅務抵免、變賣資產所得、贈與／借款／遺產、雇主提供的健保福利，以及非現金福利——Medi-Cal、SNAP／CalFresh、住房補助、學校午餐。

Documentation a client must provide客戶須提供的文件

• Pay stubs薪資單
• Tax return, W-2, or 1099報稅表、W-2 或 1099
• Letter from employer雇主出具的證明信
• Social Security / retirement / unemployment statement社會安全金／退休金／失業金證明
• Child-support records · self-employed accounting records子女撫養費紀錄 · 自僱帳務紀錄
• Proof of enrollment in another program with an income limit at/below the threshold (substitutes for income proof).已參加另一收入上限等於或低於本門檻的計畫之證明（可替代收入證明）。
• Zero income: client signs a no-income attestation form, and a staff member co-signs affirming a good-faith verification effort.零收入：客戶簽署無收入聲明表，並由一名員工會簽，證明已盡善意查證之努力。
• Third-party verification (e.g., calling an employer) requires the client's signed consent.第三方查證（例如致電雇主）須取得客戶的簽署同意書。

Also commonly required: photo ID, proof of household size, proof of residency/service area (utility bill, lease; self-certification allowed for homeless applicants). Re-determine eligibility at least annually.

通常還需要：附照片的身分證件、家庭人數證明、居住地／服務區域證明（水電帳單、租約；無家可歸的申請人可自我證明）。資格須至少每年重新核定一次。

Who is NOT excluded哪些人「不會」被排除

4. What this means for ME, an Employment & Outreach Specialist4. 對我（就業與外展專員）的意義

Your work is where eligibility and outcomes get created. This is your operational checklist for making job-search help CSBG-billable and reportable.

你的工作正是資格與成果產生的地方。以下是讓求職協助成為「可計入並可呈報 CSBG」的操作檢核清單。

At intake (eligibility):受理時（資格認定）：

1. Verify income against the current 200% FPL California limit before counting the person as a CSBG client for individual services.在把對方計為個別服務的 CSBG 客戶之前，先依加州現行的 200% 貧窮線上限驗證收入。
2. Collect documentation — pay stub / tax return / benefit letter / employer letter, OR a signed zero-income form that you co-sign — plus ID, household size, and residency/service-area proof.蒐集文件——薪資單／報稅表／福利證明信／雇主證明信，或一份由你會簽的無收入聲明表——再加上身分證件、家庭人數與居住地／服務區域證明。
3. Build the eligibility record: note which documents you reviewed, get the client's signed-and-dated certification, and add your signed-and-dated staff statement that you found them eligible. Keep copies.建立資格紀錄：記下你審閱了哪些文件、取得客戶簽名並註明日期的證明，再附上你本人簽名並註明日期的員工聲明，說明你認定其符合資格。保留副本。
4. Record the whole family unit and count income of all members 18+.記錄整個家庭單位，並計算所有 18 歲以上成員的收入。

During services (count SRVs): log each coaching session, workshop, resume help, interview practice, and job referral.

服務過程中（計數 SRV）：逐筆記錄每次輔導、工作坊、履歷協助、面試練習與工作轉介。

Track employment OUTCOMES (FNPIs — what your performance is judged on):追蹤就業「成果」（FNPI——你的績效據此評斷）：

5. When a client gets a job, record the placement and the start date so you can follow the 90-day retention milestone.當客戶找到工作時，記錄安置情況與到職日期，以便追蹤 90 天留任里程碑。
6. Note whether the job is up to vs. at/above a living wage (MIT's Living Wage Calculator for the county is the reference).註明該工作是低於還是達到／高於基本生活工資（以該縣的 MIT 基本生活工資計算器為參考）。
7. For already-employed clients, track increases in salary, hours, or benefits.對於已在職的客戶，追蹤薪資、工時或福利的提升。
8. Record skills / credentials obtained.記錄已取得的技能／證照。
9. Avoid double-counting — ask whether the client already gets the same service elsewhere, to keep unduplicated counts.避免重複計算——詢問客戶是否已在他處接受相同服務，以維持「不重複計數」。

5. Implications for my San Gabriel Valley clients5. 對我聖蓋博谷（SGV）客戶的意義

• The biggest advantage: immigration status does not matter, and you don't have to ask. Undocumented and non-citizen clients qualify on the same income basis as anyone else. For a mixed-status Chinese-immigrant clientele this is a major trust point — we only check income, not papers.最大的優勢：移民身分無關緊要，而且你不需要詢問。無證件與非公民客戶與其他人一樣，僅以收入為準即可符合資格。對於身分混合的華人移民客群，這是建立信任的重要關鍵——我們只查收入，不查證件。
• The 200% FPL limit is generous (≈$66,000/yr for a family of 4), so many working SGV immigrant families qualify.200% 貧窮線的上限相當寬鬆（4 口之家約為每年 $66,000），因此許多在職的 SGV 移民家庭都符合資格。
• Watch multi-earner households. Wages of every member 18+ count, and so does public cash aid (CalWORKs, SSI, GA) — but CalFresh, Medi-Cal, and housing aid do NOT count. Multi-generational SGV households can total higher than expected; add up carefully.留意有多位賺錢者的家庭。每位 18 歲以上成員的薪資都要計入，公共現金援助（CalWORKs、SSI、GA）也要計入——但 CalFresh、Medi-Cal 與住房補助「不」計入。多代同堂的 SGV 家庭總收入可能比預期高；請仔細加總。

Documentation challenges and the compliant solutions:常見的文件難題與合規解法：

• Cash-economy / informal work (no W-2): use self-employed records or a signed self-attestation with your co-signed good-faith statement.現金經濟／非正式工作（無 W-2）：使用自僱帳務紀錄，或一份由你會簽善意聲明的自我聲明書。
• Zero income (new arrivals, between jobs): the zero-income form + staff co-signature.零收入（新移民、轉職空檔）：採用無收入聲明表＋員工會簽。
• Foreign-language documents: summarize what you reviewed in the file; the rule wants a reasonable, documented determination, not a specific document.外文文件：在檔案中摘要你審閱的內容；規定要求的是合理且有紀錄的判定，而非某份特定文件。
• Third-party checks need the client's written consent first — important for wary clients.第三方查證須先取得客戶的書面同意——對有戒心的客戶尤其重要。

Outreach is billable without screening, so bilingual community talks, job fairs, and referrals to the SGV Chinese community count without front-loading paperwork.

外展工作無需篩選即可計費，因此雙語社區講座、就業博覽會，以及對 SGV 華人社區的轉介，都不必事先準備大量文件即可計入。

How to explain CSBG simply (suggested script):如何用簡單方式說明 CSBG（建議話術）：